1. Religious reform in Mongolia under Altan Khan was guided by

A. Hindu priests.
B. Jesuits.
C. Muslim scholars.
D. Tibetan Buddhists.

2. The Dutch and the French succeeded in overtaking Arabia in the production of

A. coffee.
B. pepper.
C. cloves.
D. silk.


3. The most important factor in the British conquest of India during the eighteenth century was the

A. political disunity in India.
B. addiction of millions of Indians to opium.
C. superiority of British machine guns.
D. willingness of the British government to pay for an invasion.


4. What practice was key to the success of the Mughals in ruling over India?

A. High taxation and public spending
B. Low taxation and a reliance on self-initiative
C. Moderate taxes and public spending
D. An emphasis on peaceful relations between states

5. At the end of the eighteenth century, _______ had the largest economy in the world.

A. Spain
B. China
C. India
D. Britain

6. What was a key discovery during the early sixteenth century that made regular trade possible across the Atlantic Ocean?

A. Longitude
B. Monsoonal winds
C. Square sails
D. The Gulf Stream

7. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the major reason for the high death rate among Native Americans from disease was

A. lack of immunities.
B. overwork.
C. warfare.
D. malnutrition.

8. In North America, what was the "black gold" of the far north?

A. African slaves.
B. cod.
C. a special kind of gold ore that was only found in those regions.
D. furs.

9. The Treaty of Westphalia of 1648

A. gave rulers the right to impose their religion upon their subjects.
B. ended the wars of religion through a policy of tolerance.
C. came close to establishing the power of the Roman Church in England.
D. ended civil wars throughout Europe.

10. Which of the following European land empires expanded its territory most aggressively in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries?

A. Mughal India
B. Ottoman
C. Russia
D. China

11. By 1800, the number of African slaves that had been imported to the Americas was about _______ million.

A. 4
B. 6
C. 2.5
D. 7.5

12. The French philosopher Voltaire was attracted to Confucianism because he

A. believed it promoted universal access to education.
B. regarded it as substitute for organized religion.
C. found it full of material he could ridicule in his satirical writings.
D. felt that it pointed to an alternative to absolute monarchy.


13. The Americas didn't provide Europeans with added

A. technological skill.
B. land.
C. labor.
D. natural resources.

14. One of the most effective forms of resistance that slaves employed against their masters was

A. working slowly.
B. earning money to buy their freedom.
C. not having children.
D. open rebellion.

15. Ignatius Loyola was a

A. soldier who founded the Jesuits.
B. wandering ascetic who founded the Franciscans.
C. priest who became a leader of the Inquisition in Spain.
D. disillusioned monk who founded the Dominican Order.

16. Which of the following best explains the lack of cholera outbreaks in Japan?

A. Their tradition of tea drinking
B. Their culture of strict personal hygiene
C. Early introduction of sewage treatment plants
D. Their use of human waste as fertilizer

17. What was the main motivating factor for European maritime expansion in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries?

A. To spread Christian values
B. To conquer other empires or nations and take away local control
C. To seek out new lands for increasing populations
D. To increase economic opportunity


18. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Japan was the world's leading producer of

A. pepper.
B. silver.
C. rhubarb.
D. porcelain.

19. The major contribution of the French philosopher Rene Descartes was in the realm of

A. chemistry.
B. astronomy.
C. epistemology.
D. physics.


20. Probably the most lasting contribution of Napoleon's rule was

A. his legal code.
B. redrawing the map of Europe.
C. his understanding of the role of the military.
D. abolishing the aristocracy and subordinating the church to the state.

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Subject: History