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1. The names of muscles often related to the greek or latin words describing their function and location.   Some examples of these include the deltoid which is translated from greek as 'triangular', as the muscle is. Another example is the rectus abdominis from rectus (going straight up and down) and abdomininus (in the abdomen). Another example might be transversus abdominis (transversus - going across, abdominius - in the abdomen). A fourth example is the flexor carpi muscles (Flexor - causing flexion, carpi - wrist). A final example would be the quadriceps femoris (quadriceps - four headed, femoris - parrallel to femur).

2.   The major muscles in the arm are the deltoid, the biceps, brachialis, triceps, brachioradialis and Extensor carpi radialis.
The major muscles in the leg are the Sartiorius, Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Gastrocnemius, Tibialis anterior and the Soleus. The similarities are that both the limbs have relatively large muscles on both sides of the limb to control motion in the part of the limb closest to the abdomen. The second stage of each limb, tends to only have a large muscle on one side of the limb reflecting the limited range of motion afforded by the elbow and knee joints. The differences are that the leg muscles tend to be larger and stronger due to the need to for more consistent and greater load bearing capabilities. deltoid muscle in the arm does not have a direct analogy in the leg because the leg doesn't have as greater range of motion as the arm and the muscles at the hip joint to not need to exert effort in as many directions as the shoulder may need to.



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